Prokin A.A.1,2, Makarov K.V.3, Ponomarenko A.G.4, Bashkuev A.S.4 2013. New beetle larvae (Coleoptera: Coptoclavidae, Caraboidea, Polyphaga) from the Upper Triassic of Germany // Russian Entomol. J. Vol.22. No.4: 259–274 [in English].
1 Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Nekouzsky District, Yaroslavl Oblast, 152742, Russia.
2 Venevitinovo Research and Educational Centre, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya pl., 1, Voronezh 394006, Russia. E-mail: prokina@mail.ru
3 Zoology & Ecology Department, Moscow Pedagogical State University, Kibalchicha Str., 6, Bld. 5, Moscow 129164, Russia. E-mail: kvmac@inbox.ru
4 Borissiak Palaeontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya ul., 123, Moscow 117997, Russia. E-mail: aponom@paleo.ru (AGP), fossilmec@gmail.com (ASB).
KEY WORDS: Coleoptera, larvae, Triassic, Germany, Coptoclavidae. Caraboidea, Polyphaga, evolution.
ABSTRACT. Three new larvae, †Protonectes germanicus gen. et sp.n., †Carabilarva triassica sp.n., and †Larvula triassica sp.n., are described from the Triassic of Germany (Coburger Sandstein, Hassberge Formation, Middle Keuper). These taxa are the earliest known larvae of the family Coptoclavidae, subfamily Caraboidea, and suborder Polyphaga, respectively. The evolutionary changes of Coptoclavidae and all Dytiscoidea and life forms of the earliest known larvae of ground beetles (in the broad sense) are discussed.